2 Samuel 3
Reina Valera 1909 (RV1909) · Español
1 Y HUBO larga guerra entre la casa de Saúl y la casa de David; mas David se iba fortificando, y la casa de Saúl iba en disminución. 2 Y nacieron hijos á David en Hebrón: su primogénito fué Ammón, de Ahinoam Jezreelita; 3 Su segundo Chileab, de Abigail la mujer de Nabal, el del Carmelo; el tercero, Absalóm, hijo de Maachâ, hija de Talmai rey de Gessur: 4 El cuarto, Adonías hijo de Haggith; el quinto, Saphatías hijo de Abital; 5 El sexto, Jetream, de Egla mujer de David. Estos nacieron á David en Hebrón. 6 Y como había guerra entre la casa de Saúl y la de David, aconteció que Abner se esforzaba por la casa de Saúl. 7 Y había Saúl tenido una concubina que se llamaba Rispa, hija de Aja. Y dijo Is-boseth á Abner: ¿Por qué has entrado á la concubina de mi padre? 8 Y enojóse Abner en gran manera por las palabras de Is-boseth, y dijo: ¿Soy yo cabeza de perros respecto de Judá? Yo he hecho hoy misericordia con la casa de Saúl tu padre, con sus hermanos, y con sus amigos, y no te he entregado en las manos de David: ¿y tú me haces hoy cargo del pecado de esta mujer? 9 Así haga Dios á Abner y así le añada, si como ha jurado Jehová á David no hiciere yo así con él, 10 Trasladando el reino de la casa de Saúl, y confirmando el trono de David sobre Israel y sobre Judá, desde Dan hasta Beer-sebah. 11 Y él no pudo responder palabra á Abner, porque le temía. 12 Y envió Abner mensajeros á David de su parte, diciendo: ¿Cúya es la tierra? Y que le dijesen: Haz alianza conmigo, y he aquí que mi mano será contigo para volver á ti á todo Israel. 13 Y David dijo: Bien; yo haré contigo alianza: mas una cosa te pido, y es, que no me vengas á ver sin que primero traigas á Michâl la hija de Saúl, cuando vinieres á verme. 14 Después de esto envió David mensajeros á Is-boseth hijo de Saúl, diciendo: Restitúyeme á mi mujer Michâl, la cual yo desposé conmigo por cien prepucios de Filisteos. 15 Entonces Is-boseth envió, y quitóla á su marido Paltiel, hijo de Lais. 16 Y su marido fué con ella, siguiéndola y llorando hasta Bahurim. Y díjole Abner: Anda, vuélvete. Entonces él se volvió. 17 Y habló Abner con los ancianos de Israel, diciendo: Ayer y antes procurabais que David fuese rey sobre vosotros; 18 Ahora, pues, hacedlo; porque Jehová ha hablado á David, diciendo: Por la mano de mi siervo David libraré á mi pueblo Israel de mano de los Filisteos, y de mano de todos sus enemigos. 19 Y habló también Abner á los de Benjamín: y fué también Abner á Hebrón á decir á David todo el parecer de los de Israel y de toda la casa de Benjamín. 20 Vino pues Abner á David en Hebrón, y con él veinte hombres: y David hizo banquete á Abner y á los que con él habían venido. 21 Y dijo Abner á David: Yo me levantaré é iré, y juntaré á mi señor el rey á todo Israel, para que hagan contigo alianza, y tú reines como deseas. David despidió luego á Abner, y él se fué en paz. 22 Y he aquí los siervos de David y Joab, que venían del campo, y traían consigo gran presa. Mas Abner no estaba con David en Hebrón, que ya lo había él despedido, y él se había ido en paz. 23 Y luego que llegó Joab y todo el ejército que con él estaba, fué dado aviso á Joab, diciendo: Abner hijo de Ner ha venido al rey, y él le ha despedido, y se fué en paz. 24 Entonces Joab vino al rey, y díjole: ¿Qué has hecho? He aquí habíase venido Abner á ti: ¿por qué pues lo dejaste que se fuése? 25 ¿Sabes tú que Abner hijo de Ner ha venido para engañarte, y á saber tu salida y tu entrada, y por entender todo lo que tú haces? 26 Y saliéndose Joab de con David, envió mensajeros tras Abner, los cuales le volvieron desde el pozo de Sira, sin saberlo David. 27 Y como Abner volvió á Hebrón, apartólo Joab al medio de la puerta, hablando con él blandamente, y allí le hirió por la quinta costilla, á causa de la muerte de Asael su hermano, y murió. 28 Cuando David supo después esto, dijo: Limpio estoy yo y mi reino, por Jehová, para siempre, de la sangre de Abner hijo de Ner. 29 Caiga sobre la cabeza de Joab, y sobre toda la casa de su padre; que nunca falte de la casa de Joab quien padezca flujo, ni leproso, ni quien ande con báculo, ni quien muera á cuchillo, ni quien tenga falta de pan. 30 Joab pues y Abisai su hermano mataron á Abner, porque él había muerto á Asael, hermano de ellos en la batalla de Gabaón. 31 Entonces dijo David á Joab, y á todo el pueblo que con él estaba: Romped vuestros vestidos, y ceñíos de sacos, y haced duelo delante de Abner. Y el rey iba detrás del féretro. 32 Y sepultaron á Abner en Hebrón: y alzando el rey su voz, lloró junto al sepulcro de Abner; y lloró también todo el pueblo. 33 Y endechando el rey al mismo Abner, decía: ¿Murió Abner como muere un villano? 34 Tus manos no estaban atadas, ni tus pies ligados con grillos: caíste como los que caen delante de malos hombres. Y todo el pueblo volvió á llorar sobre él. 35 Y como todo el pueblo viniese á dar de comer pan á David siendo aún de día, David juró, diciendo: Así me haga Dios y así me añada, si antes que se ponga el sol gustare yo pan, ú otra cualquier cosa. 36 Súpolo así todo el pueblo, y plugo en sus ojos; porque todo lo que el rey hacía parecía bien en ojos de todo el pueblo. 37 Y todo el pueblo y todo Israel entendieron aquel día, que no había venido del rey que Abner hijo de Ner muriese. 38 Y el rey dijo á sus siervos: ¿No sabéis que ha caído hoy en Israel un príncipe, y grande? 39 Que yo ahora aun soy tierno rey ungido; y estos hombres, los hijos de Sarvia, muy duros me son: Jehová dé el pago al que mal hace, conforme á su malicia.
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2 Samuel 3:1
2Sa 3:1-5. Six Sons Born to David.
1. there was long war between the house of Saul and the house of David--The rival parties had varying success, but David's interest steadily increased; less, however, by the fortunes of war, than a growing adherence to him as the divinely designated king.
2 Samuel 3:2
2. unto David were sons born in Hebron--The six sons mentioned had all different mothers.
2 Samuel 3:3
3. Chileab--("his father's picture")--called also Daniel (1Ch 3:1).
Maacah the daughter of Talmai king of Geshur--a region in Syria, north of Israel. This marriage seems to have been a political match, made by David, with a view to strengthen himself against Ish-bosheth's party, by the aid of a powerful friend and ally in the north. Piety was made to yield to policy, and the bitter fruits of this alliance with a heathen prince he reaped in the life of the turbulent Absalom.
2 Samuel 3:5
5. Eglah David's wife--This addition has led many to think that Eglah was another name for Michal, the first and proper wife, who, though she had no family after her insolent ridicule of David (2Sa 6:23), might have had a child before.
2Sa 3:6-12. Abner Revolts to David.
2 Samuel 3:6-11
6-11. Abner made himself strong for the house of Saul--In the East, the wives and concubines of a king are the property of his successor to this extent, that for a private person to aspire to marry one of them would be considered a virtual advance of pretensions to the crown (see 1Ki 2:17). It is not clear whether the accusation against Abner was well or ill founded. But he resented the charge as an indignity, and, impelled by revenge, determined to transfer all the weight of his influence to the opposite party. He evidently set a full value on his services, and seems to have lorded it over his weak nephew in a haughty, overbearing manner.
2 Samuel 3:12-13
12-13. Abner sent messengers to David--Though his language implied a secret conviction, that in supporting Ish-bosheth he had been laboring to frustrate the divine purpose of conferring the sovereignty of the kingdom on David, this acknowledgment was no justification either of the measure he was now adopting, or of the motives that prompted it. Nor does it seem possible to uphold the full integrity and honor of David's conduct in entertaining his secret overtures for undermining Ish-bosheth, except we take into account the divine promise of the kingdom, and his belief that the secession of Abner was a means designed by Providence for accomplishing it. The demand for the restoration of his wife Michal was perfectly fair; but David's insisting on it at that particular moment, as an indispensable condition of his entering into any treaty with Abner, seems to have proceeded not so much from a lingering attachment as from an expectation that his possession of her would incline some adherents of the house of Saul to be favorable to his cause.
2 Samuel 3:17-21
17-21. Abner had communication with the elders of Israel--He spoke the truth in impressing their minds with the well-known fact of David's divine designation to the kingdom. But he acted a base and hypocritical part in pretending that his present movement was prompted by religious motives, when it sprang entirely from malice and revenge against Ish-bosheth. The particular appeal of the Benjamites was a necessary policy; their tribe enjoyed the honor of giving birth to the royal dynasty of Saul; they would naturally be disinclined to lose that prestige. They were, besides, a determined people, whose contiguity to Judah might render them troublesome and dangerous. The enlistment of their interest, therefore, in the scheme, would smooth the way for the adhesion of the other tribes; and Abner enjoyed the most convenient opportunity of using his great influence in gaining over that tribe while escorting Michal to David with a suitable equipage. The mission enabled him to cover his treacherous designs against his master--to draw the attention of the elders and people to David as uniting in himself the double recommendation of being the nominee of Jehovah, no less than a connection of the royal house of Saul, and, without suspicion of any dishonorable motives, to advocate policy of terminating the civil discord, by bestowing the sovereignty on the husband of Michal. In the same character of public ambassador, he was received and feted by David; and while, ostensibly, the restoration of Michal was the sole object of his visit, he busily employed himself in making private overtures to David for bringing over to his cause those tribes which he had artfully seduced. Abner pursued a course unworthy of an honorable man and though his offer was accepted by David, the guilt and infamy of the transaction were exclusively his.
2Sa 3:22-30. Joab Kills Abner.
2 Samuel 3:24-27
24-27. Joab came to the king, and said, What hast thou done?--Joab's knowledge of Abner's wily character might have led him to doubt the sincerity of that person's proposals and to disapprove the policy of relying on his fidelity. But undoubtedly there were other reasons of a private and personal nature which made Joab displeased and alarmed by the reception given to Abner. The military talents of that general, his popularity with the army, his influence throughout the nation, rendered him a formidable rival. In the event of his overtures being carried out, the important service of bringing over all the other tribes to the king of Judah would establish so strong a claim on the gratitude of David, that his accession would inevitably raise a serious obstacle to the ambition of Joab. To these considerations was added the remembrance of the blood feud that existed between them since the death of his brother Asahel (2Sa 2:23). Determined, therefore, to get Abner out of the way, Joab feigned some reason, probably in the king's name, for recalling him, and, going out to meet him, stabbed him unawares; not within Hebron, for it was a city of refuge, but at a noted well in the neighborhood.
2 Samuel 3:31
31. David said to Joab, and to all the people that were with him, Rend your clothes, and gird you with sackcloth--David's sorrow was sincere and profound, and he took occasion to give it public expression by the funeral honors he appointed for Abner.
King David himself followed the bier--a sort of wooden frame, partly resembling a coffin, and partly a hand-barrow.
2 Samuel 3:33-34
33-34. the king lamented over Abner--This brief elegy is an effusion of indignation as much as of sorrow. As Abner had stabbed Asahel in open war [2Sa 2:23], Joab had not the right of the Goel. Besides, he had adopted a lawless and execrable method of obtaining satisfaction (see on 1Ki 2:5). The deed was an insult to the authority, as well as most damaging to the prospects of the king. But David's feelings and conduct on hearing of the death, together with the whole character and accompaniments of the funeral solemnity, tended not only to remove all suspicion of guilt from him, but even to turn the tide of popular opinion in his favor, and to pave the way for his reigning over all the tribes more honorably than by the treacherous negotiations of Abner.
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