2 Crónicas 13
Reina Valera 1909 (RV1909) · Español
1 A LOS dieciocho años del rey Jeroboam, reinó Abías sobre Judá. 2 Y reinó tres años en Jerusalem. El nombre de su madre fué Michâía hija de Uriel de Gabaa. Y hubo guerra entre Abías y Jeroboam. 3 Entonces ordenó Abías batalla con un ejército de cuatrocientos mil hombres de guerra valerosos y escogidos: y Jeroboam ordenó batalla contra él con ochocientos mil hombres escogidos, fuertes y valerosos. 4 Y levantóse Abías sobre el monte de Semaraim, que es en los montes de Ephraim, y dijo: Oidme, Jeroboam y todo Israel. 5 ¿No sabéis vosotros, que Jehová Dios de Israel dió el reino á David sobre Israel para siempre, á él y á sus hijos en alianza de sal? 6 Pero Jeroboam hijo de Nabat, siervo de Salomón hijo de David, se levantó y rebeló contra su señor. 7 Y se allegaron á él hombres vanos, hijos de iniquidad, y pudieron más que Roboam hijo de Salomón, porque Roboam era mozo y tierno de corazón, y no se defendió de ellos. 8 Y ahora vosotros tratáis de fortificaros contra el reino de Jehová en mano de los hijos de David, porque sois muchos, y tenéis con vosotros los becerros de oro que Jeroboam os hizo por dioses. 9 ¿No echasteis vosotros á los sacerdotes de Jehová, á los hijos de Aarón, y á los Levitas, y os habéis hecho sacerdotes á la manera de los pueblos de otras tierras, para que cualquiera venga á consagrarse con un becerro y siete carneros, y así sea sacerdote de los que no son dioses? 10 Mas en cuanto á nosotros, Jehová es nuestro Dios, y no le hemos dejado: y los sacerdotes que ministran á Jehová son los hijos de Aarón, y los Levitas en la obra; 11 Los cuales queman á Jehová los holocaustos cada mañana y cada tarde, y los perfumes aromáticos; y ponen los panes sobre la mesa limpia, y el candelero de oro con sus candilejas para que ardan cada tarde: porque nosotros guardamos la ordenanza de Jehová nuestro Dios; mas vosotros le habéis dejado. 12 Y he aquí Dios está con nosotros por cabeza, y sus sacerdotes con las trompetas del júbilo para que suenen contra vosotros. Oh hijos de Israel, no peleéis contra Jehová el Dios de vuestros padres, porque no os sucederá bien. 13 Pero Jeroboam hizo girar una emboscada para venir á ellos por la espalda: y estando así delante de ellos, la emboscada estaba á espaldas de Judá. 14 Y como miró Judá, he aquí que tenía batalla delante y á las espaldas; por lo que clamaron á Jehová, y los sacerdotes tocaron las trompetas. 15 Entonces los de Judá alzaron grita; y así que ellos alzaron grita, Dios desbarató á Jeroboam y á todo Israel delante de Abías y de Judá: 16 Y huyeron los hijos de Israel delante de Judá, y Dios los entregó en sus manos. 17 Y Abías y su gente hacían en ellos gran mortandad; y cayeron heridos de Israel quinientos mil hombres escogidos. 18 Así fueron humillados los hijos de Israel en aquel tiempo: mas los hijos de Judá se fortificaron, porque se apoyaban en Jehová el Dios de sus padres. 19 Y siguió Abías á Jeroboam, y tomóle algunas ciudades, á Beth-el con sus aldeas, á Jesana con sus aldeas, y á Ephraim con sus aldeas. 20 Y nunca más tuvo Jeroboam poderío en los días de Abías: é hirióle Jehová, y murió. 21 Empero se fortificó Abías; y tomó catorce mujeres, y engendró veintidós hijos, y dieciséis hijas. 22 Lo demás de los hechos de Abías, sus caminos y sus negocios, está escrito en la historia de Iddo profeta.
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2 Crónicas 13:2
2Ch 13:1-20. Abijah, Succeeding, Makes War against Jeroboam, and Overcomes Him.
2. His mother's name also was Michaiah, the daughter of Uriel--the same as Maachah (see on 1Ki 15:2). She was "the daughter," that is, granddaughter of Absalom (1Ki 15:2; compare 2Sa 14:1-33), mother of Abijah, "mother," that is, grandmother (1Ki 15:10, Margin) of Asa.
of Gibeah--probably implies that Uriel was connected with the house of Saul.
there was war between Abijah and Jeroboam--The occasion of this war is not recorded (see 1Ki 15:6, 7), but it may be inferred from the tenor of Abijah's address that it arose from his youthful ambition to recover the full hereditary dominion of his ancestors. No prophet now forbade a war with Israel (2Ch 11:23) for Jeroboam had forfeited all claim to protection.
2 Crónicas 13:3
3. Abijah set the battle in array--that is, took the field and opened the campaign.
with ... four hundred thousand chosen men ... Jeroboam with eight hundred thousand--These are, doubtless, large numbers, considering the smallness of the two kingdoms. It must be borne in mind, however, that Oriental armies are mere mobs--vast numbers accompanying the camp in hope of plunder, so that the gross numbers described as going upon an Asiatic expedition are often far from denoting the exact number of fighting men. But in accounting for the large number of soldiers enlisted in the respective armies of Abijah and Jeroboam, there is no need of resorting to this mode of explanation; for we know by the census of David the immense number of the population that was capable of bearing arms (1Ch 21:5; compare 2Ch 14:8; 17:14).
2 Crónicas 13:4-12
4-12. Abijah stood up upon Mount Zemaraim--He had entered the enemy's territory and was encamped on an eminence near Beth-el (Jos 18:22). Jeroboam's army lay at the foot of the hill, and as a pitched battle was expected, Abijah, according to the singular usage of ancient times, harangued the enemy. The speakers in such circumstances, while always extolling their own merits, poured out torrents of invective and virulent abuse upon the adversary. So did Abijah. He dwelt on the divine right of the house of David to the throne; and sinking all reference to the heaven-condemned offenses of Solomon and the divine appointment of Jeroboam, as well as the divine sanction of the separation, he upbraided Jeroboam as a usurper, and his subjects as rebels, who took advantage of the youth and inexperience of Rehoboam. Then contrasting the religious state of the two kingdoms, he drew a black picture of the impious innovations and gross idolatry introduced by Jeroboam, with his expulsion and impoverishment (2Ch 11:14) of the Levites. He dwelt with reasonable pride on the pure and regular observance of the ancient institutions of Moses in his own dominion [2Ch 13:11] and concluded with this emphatic appeal: "O children of Israel, fight ye not against Jehovah, the God of your fathers, for ye shall not prosper."
2 Crónicas 13:13-17
13-17. But Jeroboam caused an ambushment to come about behind them--The oration of Abijah, however animating an effect it might have produced on his own troops, was unheeded by the party to whom it was addressed; for while he was wasting time in useless words, Jeroboam had ordered a detachment of his men to move quietly round the base of the hill, so that when Abijah stopped speaking, he and his followers found themselves surprised in the rear, while the main body of the Israelitish forces remained in front. A panic might have ensued, had not the leaders "cried unto the Lord," and the priests "sounded with the trumpets"--the pledge of victory (Nu 10:9; 31:6). Reassured by the well-known signal, the men of Judah responded with a war shout, which, echoed by the whole army, was followed by an impetuous rush against the foe. The shock was resistless. The ranks of the Israelites were broken, for "God smote Jeroboam and all Israel." They took to flight, and the merciless slaughter that ensued can be accounted for only by tracing it to the rancorous passions enkindled by a civil war.
2 Crónicas 13:19
19. Abijah pursued after Jeroboam, and took cities from him--This sanguinary action widened the breach between the people of the two kingdoms. Abijah abandoned his original design of attempting the subjugation of the ten tribes, contenting himself with the recovery of a few border towns, which, though lying within Judah or Benjamin, had been alienated to the new or northern kingdom. Among these was Beth-el, which, with its sacred associations, he might be strongly desirous to wrest from profanation.
2 Crónicas 13:20
20. Neither did Jeroboam recover strength again in the days of Abijah--The disastrous action at Zemaraim, which caused the loss of the flower and chivalry of his army, broke his spirits and crippled his power.
the Lord struck him, and he died--that is, Jeroboam. He lived, indeed, two years after the death of Abijah (1Ki 14:20; 15:9). But he had been threatened with great calamities upon himself and his house, and it is apparently to the execution of these threatenings, which issued in his death, that an anticipatory reference is here made.
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