Jueces 8
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1 Los hombres de Efraín le dijeron: «¿Qué es esto que nos has hecho? ¿Por qué no nos llamaste cuando fuiste a luchar contra Madián?». Y discutieron duramente con él. 2 Él les respondió: «¿Qué he hecho yo ahora en comparación con ustedes? ¿No vale más el rebusco de Efraín que la vendimia de Abiezer? 3 Dios entregó en sus manos a los jefes de Madián, Oreb y Zeeb. ¿Qué he podido hacer yo en comparación con ustedes?». Cuando dijo esto, se aplacó el enojo de ellos contra él. 4 Gedeón llegó al Jordán y lo cruzó con los trescientos hombres que lo acompañaban. Estaban agotados, pero seguían persiguiendo al enemigo. 5 Les dijo a los hombres de Sucot: «Por favor, den panes a la gente que me sigue, porque está agotada. Yo voy persiguiendo a Zeba y a Zalmuna, reyes de Madián». 6 Los jefes de Sucot respondieron: «¿Acaso ya tienes en tus manos a Zeba y a Zalmuna para que le demos pan a tu ejército?». 7 Gedeón dijo: «Pues bien, cuando Jehová entregue en mis manos a Zeba y a Zalmuna, trillaré la carne de ustedes con espinos y zarzas del desierto». 8 De allí subió a Peniel y les hizo la misma petición. Los hombres de Peniel le respondieron lo mismo que los de Sucot. 9 Entonces les dijo también a los hombres de Peniel: «Cuando vuelva en paz, derribaré esta torre». 10 Zeba y Zalmuna estaban en Carcor con su ejército, unos quince mil hombres. Eran todos los que quedaban de todo el ejército de los pueblos de oriente, pues habían caído ciento veinte mil hombres que empuñaban la espada. 11 Gedeón subió por el camino de los que habitaban en tiendas, al oriente de Noba y Jogbeha. Atacó el campamento cuando el ejército estaba confiado. 12 Zeba y Zalmuna huyeron, pero él los persiguió. Capturó a los dos reyes de Madián, Zeba y Zalmuna, y llenó de terror a todo el ejército. 13 Gedeón, hijo de Joás, regresó de la batalla por la subida de Heres. 14 Capturó a un joven de Sucot y lo interrogó. Este le puso por escrito los nombres de los jefes y de los ancianos de Sucot, setenta y siete hombres. 15 Entonces se presentó ante los hombres de Sucot y dijo: «Aquí están Zeba y Zalmuna, por quienes se burlaron de mí diciendo: “¿Acaso ya tienes en tus manos a Zeba y a Zalmuna para que les demos pan a tus hombres agotados?”». 16 Tomó a los ancianos de la ciudad y, con espinos y zarzas del desierto, les dio una lección a los hombres de Sucot. 17 También derribó la torre de Peniel y mató a los hombres de la ciudad. 18 Luego les preguntó a Zeba y a Zalmuna: «¿Dónde están los hombres que ustedes mataron en Tabor?». Ellos respondieron: «Eran como tú; cada uno tenía el aspecto de un hijo de rey». 19 Él dijo: «Eran mis hermanos, hijos de mi madre. ¡Vive Jehová, que si los hubieran dejado con vida, yo no los mataría!». 20 Le dijo a Jeter, su primogénito: «Levántate y mátalos». Pero el joven no desenvainó la espada, porque tenía miedo, pues todavía era un muchacho. 21 Zeba y Zalmuna dijeron: «Levántate tú y mátanos, porque como es el hombre, así es su fuerza». Gedeón se levantó, mató a Zeba y a Zalmuna y tomó los adornos en forma de media luna que llevaban sus camellos al cuello. 22 Los israelitas le dijeron a Gedeón: «Gobierna sobre nosotros, tú, tu hijo y tu nieto, porque nos has salvado de manos de Madián». 23 Pero Gedeón les respondió: «Yo no gobernaré sobre ustedes, ni mi hijo gobernará sobre ustedes. Jehová gobernará sobre ustedes». 24 Gedeón añadió: «Quiero hacerles una petición: que cada uno me dé un arete de su botín». Porque los enemigos tenían aretes de oro, pues eran ismaelitas. 25 Ellos respondieron: «Con gusto te los daremos». Extendieron un manto, y cada uno echó allí un arete de su botín. 26 Los aretes de oro que él pidió pesaron unos diecinueve kilos, sin contar los adornos de media luna, los pendientes y los vestidos de púrpura que llevaban los reyes de Madián, ni los collares que llevaban sus camellos al cuello. 27 Gedeón hizo con ello un efod y lo puso en Ofra, su ciudad. Allí todo Israel se prostituyó tras ese efod, que se convirtió en una trampa para Gedeón y su casa. 28 Así Madián quedó sometido ante los israelitas y no volvió a levantar cabeza. La tierra tuvo descanso durante cuarenta años, en los días de Gedeón. 29 Jerobaal, hijo de Joás, fue y se estableció en su casa. 30 Gedeón tuvo setenta hijos de su propia descendencia, porque tuvo muchas esposas. 31 Su concubina de Siquem también le dio un hijo, al que llamó Abimelec. 32 Gedeón, hijo de Joás, murió en buena vejez y fue sepultado en la tumba de su padre Joás, en Ofra de los abiezeritas. 33 Cuando murió Gedeón, los israelitas volvieron a prostituirse siguiendo a los baales e hicieron de Baal-berit su dios. 34 Los israelitas no se acordaron de Jehová su Dios, que los había librado de manos de todos los enemigos que los rodeaban. 35 Tampoco mostraron lealtad a la casa de Jerobaal, es decir, Gedeón, en correspondencia con todo el bien que él había hecho por Israel.
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Jueces 8:1
Jud 8:1-9. The Ephraimites Offended, but Pacified.
1. the men of Ephraim said unto him, Why hast thou served us thus?--Where this complaint was made, whether before or after the crossing of the Jordan, cannot be determined. By the overthrow of the national enemy, the Ephraimites were benefited as largely as any of the other neighboring tribes. But, piqued at not having been sharers in the glory of the victory, their leading men could not repress their wounded pride; and the occasion only served to bring out an old and deep-seated feeling of jealous rivalry that subsisted between the tribes (Is 9:21). The discontent was groundless, for Gideon acted according to divine directions. Besides, as their tribe was conterminous with that of Gideon, they might, had they been really fired with the flame of patriotic zeal, have volunteered their services in a movement against the common enemy.
Jueces 8:2-3
2-3. he said unto them, What have I done now in comparison of you?--His mild and truly modest answer breathes the spirit of a great as well as good man, who was calm, collected, and self-possessed in the midst of most exciting scenes. It succeeded in throwing oil on the troubled waters (Pr 16:1), and no wonder, for in the height of generous self-denial, it ascribes to his querulous brethren a greater share of merit and glory than belonged to himself (1Co 13:4; Php 2:3).
Jueces 8:4
4. Gideon came to Jordan, and passed over--much exhausted, but eager to continue the pursuit till the victory was consummated.
Jueces 8:5
5. he said unto the men of Succoth--that is, a place of tents or booths. The name seems to have been applied to the whole part of the Jordan valley on the west, as well as on the east side of the river, all belonging to the tribe of Gad (compare Ge 33:17; 1Ki 7:46; with Jos 13:27). Being engaged in the common cause of all Israel, he had a right to expect support and encouragement from his countrymen everywhere.
Jueces 8:6
6. the princes of Succoth said, Are the hands of Zebah and Zalmunna now in thine hand--an insolent as well as a time-serving reply. It was insolent because it implied a bitter taunt that Gideon was counting with confidence on a victory which they believed he would not gain; and it was time-serving, because living in the near neighborhood of the Midianite sheiks, they dreaded the future vengeance of those roving chiefs. This contumelious manner of acting was heartless and disgraceful in people who were of Israelitish blood.
Jueces 8:7
7. I will tear your flesh with the thorns of the wilderness and with briers--a cruel torture, to which captives were often subjected in ancient times, by having thorns and briers placed on their naked bodies and pressed down by sledges, or heavy implements of husbandry being dragged over them.
Jueces 8:8
Jueces 8:9
9. he spake ..., When I come again in peace, I will break down this tower--Intent on the pursuit, and afraid of losing time, he postponed the merited vengeance till his return. His confident anticipation of a triumphant return evinces the strength of his faith; and his specific threat was probably provoked by some proud and presumptuous boast, that in their lofty watchtower the Penuelites would set him at defiance.
Jueces 8:10
Jud 8:10-27. Zebah and Zalmunna Taken.
10. Now Zebah and Zalmunna were in Karkor--a town on the eastern confines of Gad. The wreck of the Midianite army halted there.
Jueces 8:11
11. Gideon went up by the way of them that dwelt in tents on the east--He tracked the fugitives across the mountain range of Gilead to the northeast of the Jabbok, and there came upon them unexpectedly while they were resting secure among their own nomadic tribes. Jogbehah is supposed to be Ramoth-gilead; and, therefore, the Midianites must have found refuge at or near Abela, "Abel-cheramim," "the plain of the vineyards."
Jueces 8:12
12. when Zebah and Zalmunna fled, he pursued after them--A third conflict took place. His arrival at their last quarters, which was by an unwonted path, took the fugitives by surprise, and the conquest of the Midianite horde was there completed.
Jueces 8:13
13. Gideon returned from battle before the sun was up--He seems to have returned by a nearer route to Succoth, for what is rendered in our version "before the sun was up," means "the heights of Heres, the sun-hills."
Jueces 8:14
14. he described--wrote the names of the seventy princes or elders. It was from them he had received so inhospitable a treatment.
Jueces 8:16
16. he took ... the thorns of the wilderness and briers, and with them he taught the men of Succoth--By refusing his soldiers refreshment, they had committed a public crime, as well as an act of inhumanity, and were subjected to a horrible punishment, which the great abundance and remarkable size of the thorn bushes, together with the thinness of clothing in the East, has probably suggested.
Jueces 8:18
18. Then said he unto Zebah and Zalmunna, What manner of men were they whom ye slew at Tabor?--This was one of the countless atrocities which the Midianite chiefs had perpetrated during their seven years' lawless occupancy. It is noticed now for the first time when their fate was about to be determined.
each one resembled the children of a king--An Orientalism for great beauty, majesty of appearance, uncommon strength, and grandeur of form.
Jueces 8:19
19. They were my brethren, even the sons of my mother--That is, uterine brothers; but, in all countries where polygamy prevails, "the son of my mother" implies a closeness of relationship and a warmth of affection never awakened by the looser term, "brother."
Jueces 8:20
20. he said unto Jether his first-born, Up, and slay them--The nearest of kin was the blood-avenger; but a magistrate might order any one to do the work of the executioner; and the person selected was always of a rank equal or proportioned to that of the party doomed to suffer (1Ki 2:29). Gideon intended, then, by the order to Jether, to put an honor on his son, by employing him to slay two enemies of his country; and on the youth declining, he performed the bloody deed himself.
Jueces 8:22-23
22-23. the men of Israel said unto Gideon, Rule thou over us ... Gideon said unto them, the Lord shall rule over you--Their unbounded admiration and gratitude prompted them, in the enthusiasm of the moment, to raise their deliverer to a throne, and to establish a royal dynasty in his house. But Gideon knew too well, and revered too piously the principles of the theocracy, to entertain the proposal for a moment. Personal and family ambition was cheerfully sacrificed to a sense of duty, and every worldly motive was kept in check by a supreme regard to the divine honor. He would willingly act as judge, but the Lord alone was King of Israel.
Jueces 8:24-26
24-26. Gideon said unto them, I would desire a request of you--This was the contribution of an earring (singular). As the ancient Arabians (Ishmaelites and Midianites being synonymous terms, Ge 37:25, 28) were gorgeously adorned with barbaric pearl and gold, an immense amount of such valuable booty had fallen into the hands of the Israelitish soldiers. The contribution was liberally made, and the quantity of gold given to him is estimated at £3113 sterling.
Jueces 8:27
27. Gideon made an ephod thereof, and put it in his city, ... Ophrah--That no idolatrous use was in view, nor any divisive course from Shiloh contemplated, is manifest from Jud 8:33. Gideon proposed, with the gold he received, to make an ephod for his use only as a civil magistrate or ruler, as David did (1Ch 15:27), and a magnificent pectoral or breastplate also. It would seem, from the history, that he was not blamable in making this ephod, as a civil robe or ornament merely, but that it afterward became an object to which religious ideas were attached; whereby it proved a snare, and consequently an evil, by perversion, to Gideon and his house [Taylor, Fragments].
Jueces 8:28
Jud 8:28. Midian Subdued.
28. Thus was Midian subdued before the children of Israel--This invasion of the Arab hordes into Canaan was as alarming and desolating as the irruption of the Huns into Europe. It was the severest scourge ever inflicted upon Israel; and both it and the deliverance under Gideon lived for centuries in the minds of the people (Psa 83:11).
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