Esdras 7
Reina Valera 1909 (RV1909) · Español
1 PASADAS estas cosas, en el reinado de Artajerjes rey de Persia, Esdras, hijo de Seraías, hijo de Azarías, hijo de Hilcías, 2 Hijo de Sallum, hijo de Sadoc, hijo de Achîtob, 3 Hijo de Amarías, hijo de Azarías, hijo de Meraioth, 4 Hijo de Zeraías, hijo de Uzzi, hijo de Bucci, 5 Hijo de Abisue, hijo de Phinees, hijo de Eleazar, hijo de Aarón, primer sacerdote: 6 Este Esdras subió de Babilonia, el cual era escriba diligente en la ley de Moisés, que Jehová Dios de Israel había dado; y concedióle el rey, según la mano de Jehová su Dios sobre él, todo lo que pidió. 7 Y subieron con él á Jerusalem de los hijos de Israel, y de los sacerdotes, y Levitas, y cantores, y porteros, y Nethineos, en el séptimo año del rey Artajerjes. 8 Y llegó á Jerusalem en el mes quinto, el año séptimo del rey. 9 Porque el día primero del primer mes fué el principio de la partida de Babilonia, y al primero del mes quinto llegó á Jerusalem, según la buena mano de su Dios sobre él. 10 Porque Esdras había preparado su corazón para inquirir la ley de Jehová, y para hacer y enseñar á Israel mandamientos y juicios. 11 Y este es el traslado de la carta que dió el rey Artajerjes á Esdras, sacerdote escriba, escriba de las palabras mandadas de Jehová, y de sus estatutos á Israel: 12 Artajerjes, rey de los reyes, á Esdras sacerdote, escriba perfecto de la ley del Dios del cielo: Salud, etc. 13 Por mí es dado mandamiento, que cualquiera que quisiere en mi reino, del pueblo de Israel y de sus sacerdotes y Levitas, ir contigo á Jerusalem, vaya. 14 Porque de parte del rey y de sus siete consultores eres enviado á visitar á Judea y á Jerusalem, conforme á la ley de tu Dios que está en tu mano; 15 Y á llevar la plata y el oro que el rey y sus consultores voluntariamente ofrecen al Dios de Israel, cuya morada está en Jerusalem; 16 Y toda la plata y el oro que hallares en toda la provincia de Babilonia, con las ofrendas voluntarias del pueblo y de los sacerdotes, que de su voluntad ofrecieren para la casa de su Dios que está en Jerusalem. 17 Comprarás pues prestamente con esta plata becerros, carneros, corderos, con sus presentes y sus libaciones, y los ofrecerás sobre el altar de la casa de vuestro Dios que está en Jerusalem. 18 Y lo que á ti y á tus hermanos pluguiere hacer de la otra plata y oro, hacedlo conforme á la voluntad de vuestro Dios. 19 Y los vasos que te son entregados para el servicio de la casa de tu Dios, los restituirás delante de Dios en Jerusalem. 20 Y lo demás necesario para la casa de tu Dios que te fuere menester dar, daráslo de la casa de los tesoros del rey. 21 Y por mí el rey Artajerjes es dado mandamiento á todos los tesoreros que están al otro lado del río, que todo lo que os demandare Esdras sacerdote, escriba de la ley del Dios del cielo, concédasele luego, 22 Hasta cien talentos de plata, y hasta cien coros de trigo, y hasta cien batos de vino, y hasta cien batos de aceite; y sal sin tasa. 23 Todo lo que es mandado por el Dios del cielo, sea hecho prestamente para la casa del Dios del cielo: pues, ¿por qué habría de ser su ira contra el reino del rey y de sus hijos? 24 Y á vosotros os hacemos saber, que á todos los sacerdotes y Levitas, cantores, porteros, Nethineos y ministros de la casa de Dios, ninguno pueda imponerles tributo, ó pecho, ó renta. 25 Y tú, Esdras, conforme á la sabiduría de tu Dios que tienes, pon jueces y gobernadores, que gobiernen á todo el pueblo que está del otro lado del río, á todos los que tienen noticia de las leyes de tu Dios; y al que no la tuviere, le enseñaréis. 26 Y cualquiera que no hiciere la ley de tu Dios, y la ley del rey, prestamente sea juzgado, ó á muerte, ó á desarraigo, ó á pena de la hacienda, ó á prisión. 27 Bendito Jehová, Dios de nuestros padres, que puso tal cosa en el corazón del rey, para honrar la casa de Jehová que está en Jerusalem. 28 E inclinó hacia mí su misericordia delante del rey y de sus consultores, y de todos los príncipes poderosos del rey. Y yo, confortado según la mano de mi Dios sobre mí, junté los principales de Israel para que subiesen conmigo.
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Esdras 7:1-2
Ezr 7:1-10. Ezra Goes Up to Jerusalem.
1-2. in the reign of Artaxerxes--the Ahasuerus of Esther.
Ezra the son of Seraiah--that is, grandson or great-grandson. Seraiah was the high priest put to death by Nebuchadnezzar at Riblah (2Ki 25:18). A period of one hundred thirty years had elapsed between that catastrophe and the journey of Ezra to Jerusalem. As a grandson of Seraiah, namely, Jeshua, who held the office of high priest, had accompanied Zerubbabel in the first caravan of returning exiles, Ezra must have been in all probability a grandson, descended, too, from a younger son, the older branch being in possession of the pontificate.
Esdras 7:6
6. This Ezra ... was a ready scribe in the law of Moses--The term "scribe" does not mean merely a penman, nor even an attorney well versed in forms of law and skilled in the method of preparing public or private deeds. He was a rabbi, or doctor, learned in the Mosaic law, and in all that related to the civil and ecclesiastical polity and customs of the Hebrew people. Scribes of this description possessed great authority and influence (compare Mt 23:25; Mr 12:28).
the king granted him all his request--left Babylon entrusted with an important commission to be executed in Jerusalem. The manner in which he obtained this office is minutely related in a subsequent passage. Here it is noticed, but with a pious acknowledgment of the divine grace and goodness which disposed the royal mind in favor of Ezra's patriotic objects. The Levites, &c., did not go at that time, but are mentioned here by anticipation.
Esdras 7:8
8. he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month--that is, corresponding to the end of our July or beginning of our August. As he left Babylon on the Jewish New Year's Day (Ezr 7:9), the journey must have occupied not less than four months (a long period), but it was necessary to move at a slow pace and by short, easy stages, as he had to conduct a large caravan of poor people, including women, children, and all their household gear (see on Ezr 8:24).
Esdras 7:10
10. Ezra had prepared his heart to seek the law of the Lord, &c.--His reigning desire had been to study the divine law--its principles, institutions, privileges, and requirements; and now from love and zeal, he devoted himself, as the business of his life, to the work of instructing, reforming, and edifying others.
Esdras 7:11
Ezr 7:11-26. Gracious Commission of Artaxerxes.
11. this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave--The measure which this document authorized, and the remarkable interest in the Jews displayed in it, were most probably owing to the influence of Esther, who is thought to have been raised to the high position of queen a few months previous to the departure of Ezra [Hales]. According to others, who adopt a different chronology, it was more probably pressed upon the attention of the Persian court by Ezra, who, like Daniel, showed the prophecies to the king; or by some leading Jews on his accession, who, seeing the unsettled and disordered state of the colony after the deaths of Zerubbabel, Jeshua, Haggai, and Zechariah, recommended the appointment of a commission to reform abuses, suppress disorder, and enforce the observance of the law.
Esdras 7:12
12. Artaxerxes, king of kings--That title might have been assumed as, with literal truth, applicable to him, since many of the tributary princes of his empire still retained the name and authority of kings. But it was a probably a mere Orientalism, denoting a great and powerful prince, as the heaven of heavens signified the highest heaven, and vanity of vanities, the greatest vanity. This vainglorious title was assumed by the kings of Assyria, from whom it passed to the sovereigns of Persia.
unto Ezra the priest, a scribe of the law of the God of heaven--The appointment of Ezra to this influential mission was of the highest importance to the Hebrew people, as a large proportion of them were become, in a great measure, strangers both to the language and the institutions of their forefathers.
Esdras 7:14
14. sent of the king, and of his seven counsellors--This was the fixed number of the privy council of the kings of Persia (Es 1:10, 14). The document describes, with great clearness and precision, the nature of Ezra's commission and the extent of power and prerogatives with which he was invested. It gave him authority, in the first place, to organize the colony in Judea and institute a regular government, according to the laws of the Hebrew people, and by magistrates and rulers of their own nation (Ezr 7:25, 26), with power to punish offenders by fines, imprisonment, exile, or death, according to the degree of their criminality. Secondly, he was empowered to carry a large donation in money, partly from the royal treasury and partly raised by voluntary contributions among his countrymen, to create a fund out of which to make suitable provision for maintaining the regular worship of God in Jerusalem (Ezr 7:16, 17). Thirdly, the Persian officers in Syria were commanded to afford him every assistance by gifts of money within a certain specified limit, in carrying out the objects of his patriotic mission (Ezr 7:21).
Esdras 7:22-24
22-24. an hundred talents of silver--£22,000 according to the rate of the silver talent of Babylon. Fourthly, Artaxerxes gave his royal sanction in the establishment of the divine law, which exempted priests and Levites from taxation or tribute and confirmed to them the exclusive right to officiate in the sacred services of the sanctuary. And, finally, in the expression of the king's desire for the divine blessing upon the king and his government (Ezr 7:23), we see the strong persuasion which pervaded the Persian court, and had been produced by the captivity of the Hebrew people, as to the being and directing providence of the God they worshipped. It will be observed, however, that the commission related exclusively to the rebuilding of the temple--not of the walls. The Samaritans (Ezr 4:20-22) had succeeded in alarming the Persian court by their representations of the danger to the empire of fortifying a city notorious for the turbulent character of its inhabitants and the prowess of its kings.
Esdras 7:27
27. Blessed be the Lord God of our fathers--This devout thanksgiving is in unison with the whole character of Ezra, who discerns the hand of God in every event, and is always ready to express a pious acknowledgment for the divine goodness.
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