Mateo 22
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1 Jesús volvió a hablarles en parábolas y dijo: 2 «El reino de los cielos es semejante a un rey que preparó la boda de su hijo. 3 Envió a sus siervos a llamar a los invitados a la boda, pero ellos no querían venir. 4 Volvió a enviar a otros siervos, diciendo: “Digan a los invitados: ‘Miren, he preparado mi comida; mis toros y mis animales engordados han sido sacrificados y todo está listo. Vengan a la boda’”. 5 Pero ellos no hicieron caso y se fueron: uno a su campo y otro a su negocio. 6 Los demás agarraron a sus siervos, los maltrataron y los mataron. 7 El rey se enfureció; envió a sus tropas, destruyó a aquellos asesinos e incendió su ciudad. 8 Entonces dijo a sus siervos: “La boda está preparada, pero los invitados no eran dignos. 9 Vayan, pues, a los cruces de los caminos e inviten a la boda a cuantos encuentren”. 10 Aquellos siervos salieron a los caminos y reunieron a todos los que encontraron, malos y buenos. La boda se llenó de invitados. 11 Cuando el rey entró a ver a los invitados, vio allí a un hombre que no llevaba traje de boda. 12 Le preguntó: “Amigo, ¿cómo entraste aquí sin traje de boda?”. Él se quedó sin palabras. 13 Entonces el rey dijo a los servidores: “Átenlo de pies y manos y échenlo a las tinieblas de afuera. Allí habrá llanto y rechinar de dientes”. 14 Porque muchos son llamados, pero pocos escogidos». 15 Entonces los fariseos se fueron y se pusieron de acuerdo para atraparlo en alguna palabra. 16 Le enviaron a sus discípulos junto con los herodianos, que dijeron: «Maestro, sabemos que eres veraz y que enseñas con verdad el camino de Dios. No te dejas impresionar por nadie, porque no miras la apariencia de las personas. 17 Dinos, pues, qué te parece: ¿Está permitido pagar el impuesto al César o no?». 18 Jesús, conociendo su malicia, dijo: «¿Por qué me ponen a prueba, hipócritas? 19 Muéstrenme la moneda del impuesto». Ellos le trajeron una moneda romana. 20 Él les preguntó: «¿De quién son esta imagen y esta inscripción?». 21 Le respondieron: «Del César». Entonces les dijo: «Den, pues, al César lo que es del César y a Dios lo que es de Dios». 22 Al oírlo, quedaron asombrados; lo dejaron y se fueron. 23 Aquel día se le acercaron unos saduceos, que dicen que no hay resurrección, y le preguntaron: 24 «Maestro, Moisés dijo: “Si alguien muere sin tener hijos, su hermano se casará con su esposa y dará descendencia a su hermano”. 25 Había entre nosotros siete hermanos. El primero se casó y murió; como no tenía descendencia, dejó su esposa a su hermano. 26 Lo mismo sucedió con el segundo, con el tercero y con los siete. 27 Después de todos murió la mujer. 28 En la resurrección, entonces, ¿de cuál de los siete será esposa? Porque todos la tuvieron». 29 Jesús les respondió: «Están equivocados, porque no conocen las Escrituras ni el poder de Dios. 30 Porque en la resurrección no se casan ni son dados en matrimonio, sino que son como los ángeles de Dios en el cielo. 31 En cuanto a la resurrección de los muertos, ¿no han leído lo que Dios les dijo: 32 “Yo soy el Dios de Abraham, el Dios de Isaac y el Dios de Jacob”? Él no es Dios de muertos, sino de vivos». 33 Al oírlo, las multitudes estaban asombradas de su enseñanza. 34 Los fariseos, al oír que había hecho callar a los saduceos, se reunieron. 35 Uno de ellos, experto en la ley, le preguntó para ponerlo a prueba: 36 «Maestro, ¿cuál es el gran mandamiento de la ley?». 37 Él le respondió: «“Amarás al Señor tu Dios con todo tu corazón, con toda tu alma y con toda tu mente”. 38 Este es el mandamiento más grande y el primero. 39 El segundo es semejante a este: “Amarás a tu prójimo como a ti mismo”. 40 De estos dos mandamientos dependen toda la ley y los profetas». 41 Mientras los fariseos estaban reunidos, Jesús les preguntó: 42 «¿Qué piensan acerca del Cristo? ¿De quién es hijo?». Le respondieron: «De David». 43 Él les dijo: «¿Cómo, entonces, David lo llama Señor en el Espíritu, diciendo: 44 “El Señor dijo a mi Señor: ‘Siéntate a mi derecha hasta que ponga a tus enemigos debajo de tus pies’”? 45 Si David lo llama Señor, ¿cómo es su hijo?». 46 Nadie podía responderle una palabra y, desde aquel día, nadie se atrevió a hacerle más preguntas.
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Mateo 22:2
Mt 22:1-14. Parable of the Marriage of the King's Son.
This is a different parable from that of the Great Supper, in Lu 14:15, &c., and is recorded by Matthew alone.
2. The kingdom of heaven is like unto a certain king, which made a marriage for his son--"In this parable," as Trench admirably remarks, "we see how the Lord is revealing Himself in ever clearer light as the central Person of the kingdom, giving here a far plainer hint than in the last parable of the nobility of His descent. There He was indeed the Son, the only and beloved one (Mr 12:6), of the Householder; but here His race is royal, and He appears as Himself at once the King and the King's Son (Psa 72:1). The last was a parable of the Old Testament history; and Christ is rather the last and greatest of the line of its prophets and teachers than the founder of a new kingdom. In that, God appears demanding something from men; in this, a parable of grace, God appears more as giving something to them. Thus, as often, the two complete each other: this taking up the matter where the other left it." The "marriage" of Jehovah to His people Israel was familiar to Jewish ears; and in Psa 45:1-17 this marriage is seen consummated in the Person of Messiah "THE King," Himself addressed as "God" and yet as anointed by "His God" with the oil of gladness above His fellows. These apparent contradictions (see on Lu 20:41-44) are resolved in this parable; and Jesus, in claiming to be this King's Son, serves Himself Heir to all that the prophets and sweet singers of Israel held forth as to Jehovah's ineffably near and endearing union to His people. But observe carefully, that THE Bride does not come into view in this parable; its design being to teach certain truths under the figure of guests at a wedding feast, and the want of a wedding garment, which would not have harmonized with the introduction of the Bride.
Mateo 22:3
3. and sent forth his servants--representing all preachers of the Gospel.
to call them that were bidden--here meaning the Jews, who were "bidden," from the first choice of them onwards through every summons addressed to them by the prophets to hold themselves in readiness for the appearing of their King.
to the wedding--or the marriage festivities, when the preparations were all concluded.
and they would not come--as the issue of the whole ministry of the Baptist, our Lord Himself, and His apostles thereafter, too sadly showed.
Mateo 22:4
4. my oxen and my fatlings are killed, and all things are ready; come unto the marriage--This points to those Gospel calls after Christ's death, resurrection, ascension, and effusion of the Spirit, to which the parable could not directly allude, but when only it could be said, with strict propriety, "that all things were ready." Compare 1Co 5:7, 8, "Christ our Passover is sacrificed for us; therefore, let us keep the feast"; also Joh 6:51, "I am the living bread which came down from heaven: if any man eat of this bread, he shall live for ever: and the bread which I will give is My flesh, which I will give for the life of the world."
Mateo 22:5
5. But they made light of it, and went their ways, one to his farm, another to his merchandise:
Mateo 22:6
6. And the remnant took his servants, and entreated them spitefully--insulted them.
and slew them--These are two different classes of unbelievers: the one simply indifferent; the other absolutely hostile--the one, contemptuous scorners; the other, bitter persecutors.
Mateo 22:7
7. But when the king--the Great God, who is the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.
heard thereof, he was wroth--at the affront put both on His Son, and on Himself who had deigned to invite them.
and he sent forth his armies--The Romans are here styled God's armies, just as the Assyrian is styled "the rod of His anger" (Is 10:5), as being the executors of His judicial vengeance.
and destroyed those murderers--and in what vast numbers did they do it!
and burned up their city--Ah! Jerusalem, once "the city of the Great King" (Psa 48:2), and even up almost to this time (Mt 5:35); but now it is "their city"--just as our Lord, a day or two after this, said of the temple, where God had so long dwelt, "Behold your house is left unto you desolate" (Mt 23:38)! Compare Lu 19:43, 44.
Mateo 22:8
8. The wedding is ready, but they which were bidden were not worthy--for how should those be deemed worthy to sit down at His table who had affronted Him by their treatment of His gracious invitation?
Mateo 22:9
9. Go ye therefore into the highways--the great outlets and thoroughfares, whether of town or country, where human beings are to be found.
and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage--that is, just as they are.
Mateo 22:10
10. So those servants went out into the highways, and gathered together all as many as they found, both bad and good--that is, without making any distinction between open sinners and the morally correct. The Gospel call fetched in Jews, Samaritans, and outlying heathen alike. Thus far the parable answers to that of "the Great Supper" (Lu 14:16, &c.). But the distinguishing feature of our parable is what follows:
Mateo 22:11
11. And when the king came in to see the guests--Solemn expression this, of that omniscient inspection of every professed disciple of the Lord Jesus from age to age, in virtue of which his true character will hereafter be judicially proclaimed!
he saw there a man--This shows that it is the judgment of individuals which is intended in this latter part of the parable: the first part represents rather national judgment.
which had not on a wedding garment--The language here is drawn from the following remarkable passage in Zep 1:7, 8:--"Hold thy peace at the presence of the Lord God; for the day of the Lord is at hand: for the Lord hath prepared a sacrifice, He hath bid His guests. And it shall come to pass in the day of the Lord's sacrifice, that I will punish the princes, and the king's children, and all such as are clothed with strange apparel." The custom in the East of presenting festival garments (see Ge 45:22; 2Ki 5:22), even though nor clearly proved, Is certainly presupposed here. It undoubtedly means something which they bring not of their own--for how could they have any such dress who were gathered in from the highways indiscriminately?--but which they receive as their appropriate dress. And what can that be but what is meant by "putting on the Lord Jesus," as "The Lord Our Righteousness?" (See Psa 45:13, 14). Nor could such language be strange to those in whose ears had so long resounded those words of prophetic joy: "I will greatly rejoice in the Lord, my soul shall be joyful in my God; for He hath clothed me with the garments of salvation, He hath covered me with the robe of righteousness, as a bridegroom decketh himself with ornaments, and as a bride adorneth herself with her jewels" (Is 61:10).
Mateo 22:12
12. Friend, how camest thou in hither, not having a wedding garment? And he was speechless--being self-condemned.
Mateo 22:13
13. Then said the king to the servants--the angelic ministers of divine vengeance (as in Mt 13:41).
Bind him hand and foot--putting it out of his power to resist.
and take him away, and cast him into outer darkness--So Mt 8:12; 25:30. The expression is emphatic--"the darkness which is outside." To be "outside" at all--or, in the language of Re 22:15, to be "without" the heavenly city, excluded from its joyous nuptials and gladsome festivities--is sad enough of itself, without anything else. But to find themselves not only excluded from the brightness and glory and joy and felicity of the kingdom above, but thrust into a region of "darkness," with all its horrors, this is the dismal retribution here announced, that awaits the unworthy at the great day.
there--in that region and condition.
shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth. See on Mt 13:42.
Mateo 22:14
14. For many are called, but few are chosen--So Mt 19:30. See on Mt 20:16.
Mt 22:15-40. Entangling Questions about Tribute, the Resurrection, and the Great Commandment, with the Replies. ( = Mr 12:13-34; Lu 20:20-40).
For the exposition, see on Mr 12:13-34.
Mt 22:41-46. Christ Baffles the Pharisees by a Question about David and Messiah. ( = Mr 12:35-37; Lu 20:41-44).
For the exposition, see on Mr 12:35-37.
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