Jeremías 12
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1 Justo eres tú, Jehová, cuando presento mi causa ante ti. Sin embargo, quiero hablar contigo de justicia: ¿por qué prospera el camino de los malvados? ¿Por qué viven tranquilos todos los que actúan con deslealtad? 2 Tú los plantaste y echaron raíces; crecen y dan fruto. Estás cerca de sus bocas, pero lejos de su interior. 3 Pero tú, Jehová, me conoces; me ves y examinas mi corazón para contigo. Arrástralos como ovejas al matadero y apártalos para el día de la matanza. 4 ¿Hasta cuándo estará de luto la tierra y se secará la hierba de todos los campos? Por la maldad de sus habitantes han perecido los animales y las aves, porque dicen: «Él no verá nuestro fin». 5 «Si has corrido con los de a pie y te han cansado, ¿cómo competirás con los caballos? Si te sientes seguro en una tierra de paz, ¿qué harás en la espesura del Jordán? 6 Porque incluso tus hermanos y la casa de tu padre, incluso ellos te han traicionado; incluso ellos han gritado con fuerza tras de ti. No les creas aunque te hablen con buenas palabras. 7 He dejado mi casa, he abandonado mi heredad; he entregado a la amada de mi alma en manos de sus enemigos. 8 Mi heredad se ha vuelto para mí como un león en el bosque: ha rugido contra mí; por eso la he aborrecido. 9 ¿Es mi heredad para mí un ave de rapiña moteada? ¿La rodean otras aves de rapiña? Vayan, reúnan a todos los animales salvajes; tráiganlos para que la devoren. 10 Muchos pastores han destruido mi viña, han pisoteado mi parcela; han convertido mi parcela deseable en un desierto desolado. 11 La han convertido en desolación; desolada, se lamenta ante mí. Toda la tierra ha quedado desolada, porque nadie lo toma en serio. 12 Sobre todas las alturas desiertas han venido saqueadores, porque la espada de Jehová devora de un extremo de la tierra al otro. No hay paz para nadie. 13 Han sembrado trigo y han cosechado espinos; se han fatigado sin provecho. Avergüéncense de sus cosechas por la ardiente ira de Jehová». 14 Así dice Jehová acerca de todos mis malos vecinos que atacan la heredad que di a mi pueblo Israel: «Voy a arrancarlos de su tierra, y arrancaré a la casa de Judá de en medio de ellos. 15 Después de arrancarlos, volveré a tener compasión de ellos y los haré regresar, cada uno a su heredad y cada uno a su tierra. 16 Si de veras aprenden los caminos de mi pueblo y juran por mi nombre: “¡Vive Jehová!”, así como enseñaron a mi pueblo a jurar por Baal, serán establecidos en medio de mi pueblo. 17 Pero si no escuchan, arrancaré a esa nación, la arrancaré y la destruiré —declara Jehová—».
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Jeremías 12:1
Jr 12:1-17. Continuation of the Subject at the Close of the Eleventh Chapter.
He ventures to expostulate with Jehovah as to the prosperity of the wicked, who had plotted against his life (Jr 12:1-4); in reply he is told that he will have worse to endure, and that from his own relatives (Jr 12:5, 6). The heaviest judgments, however, would be inflicted on the faithless people (Jr 12:7-13); and then on the nations co-operating with the Chaldeans against Judah, with, however, a promise of mercy on repentance (Jr 12:14-17).
1. (Psa 51:4).
let me talk, &c.--only let me reason the case with Thee: inquire of Thee the causes why such wicked men as these plotters against my life prosper (compare Job 12:6; 21:7; Psa 37:1, 35; 73:3; Mal 3:15). It is right, when hard thoughts of God's providence suggest themselves, to fortify our minds by justifying God beforehand (as did Jeremiah), even before we hear the reasons of His dealings.
Jeremías 12:2
Jeremías 12:3
3. knowest me--(Psa 139:1).
tried ... heart--(Jr 11:20).
toward thee--rather, "with Thee," that is, entirely devoted to Thee; contrasted with the hypocrites (Jr 12:2), "near in ... mouth, and far from ... reins." This being so, how is it that I fare so ill, they so well?
pull ... out--containing the metaphor, from a "rooted tree" (Jr 12:2).
prepare--literally, "separate," or "set apart as devoted."
day of slaughter--(Jas 5:5).
Jeremías 12:4
4. land mourn--personification (Jr 14:2; 23:10).
for the wickedness--(Psa 107:34).
beasts--(Ho 4:3).
He shall not see our last end--Jehovah knows not what is about to happen to us (Jr 5:12) [Rosenmuller]. So the Septuagint. (Psa 10:11; Eze 8:12; 9:9). Rather, "The prophet (Jeremiah, to whom the whole context refers) shall not see our last end." We need not trouble ourselves about his boding predictions. We shall not be destroyed as he says (Jr 5:12, 13).
Jeremías 12:5
5. Jehovah's reply to Jeremiah's complaint.
horses--that is, horsemen: the argument a fortiori. A proverbial phrase. The injuries done thee by the men of Anathoth ("the footmen") are small compared with those which the men of Jerusalem ("the horsemen") are about to inflict on thee. If the former weary thee out, how wilt thou contend with the king, the court, and the priests at Jerusalem?
wherein thou trustedst, they wearied thee--English Version thus fills up the sentence with the italicized words, to answer to the parallel clause in the first sentence of the verse. The parallelism is, however, sufficiently retained with a less ellipsis: "If (it is only) in a land of peace thou art confident" [Maurer].
swelling of Jordan--In harvest-time and earlier (April and May) it overflows its banks (Jos 3:15), and fills the valley called the Ghor. Or, "the pride of Jordan," namely, its wooded banks abounding in lions and other wild beasts (Jr 49:19; 50:44; Zec 11:3; compare 2Ki 6:2). Maundrell says that between the Sea of Tiberias and Lake Merom the banks are so wooded that the traveller cannot see the river at all without first passing through the woods. If in the champaign country (alone) thou art secure, how wilt thou do when thou fallest into the wooded haunts of wild beasts?
Jeremías 12:6
6. even thy brethren--as in Christ's case (Psa 69:8; Joh 1:11; 7:5; compare Jr 9:4; 11:19, 21; Mt 10:36). Godly faithfulness is sure to provoke the ungodly, even of one's own family.
called a multitude after thee--(Is 31:4). Jerome translates, "cry after thee with a loud (literally, 'full') voice."
believe ... not ... though ... speak fair--(Pr 26:25).
Jeremías 12:7
7. I have forsaken--Jehovah will forsake His temple and the people peculiarly His. The mention of God's close tie to them, as heretofore His, aggravates their ingratitude, and shows that their past spiritual privileges will not prevent God from punishing them.
Jeremías 12:8
8. is unto me--is become unto Me: behaves towards Me as a lion which roars against a man, so that he withdraws from the place where he hears it: so I withdrew from My people, once beloved, but now an object of abhorrence because of their rebellious cries against Me.
Jeremías 12:9
9. speckled bird--Many translate, "a ravenous beast, the hyena"; the corresponding Arabic word means hyena; so the Septuagint. But the Hebrew always elsewhere means "a bird of prey." The Hebrew for "speckled" is from a root "to color"; answering to the Jewish blending together with paganism the altogether diverse Mosaic ritual. The neighboring nations, birds of prey like herself (for she had sinfully assimilated herself to them), were ready to pounce upon her.
assemble ... beasts of ... field--The Chaldeans are told to gather the surrounding heathen peoples as allies against Judah (Is 56:9; Eze 34:5).
Jeremías 12:10
Jeremías 12:11
Jeremías 12:12
12. high places--Before, He had threatened the plains; now, the hills.
wilderness--not an uninhabited desert, but high lands of pasturage, lying between Judea and Chaldea (Jr 4:11).
Jeremías 12:13
13. Description in detail of the devastation of the land (Mi 6:15).
they shall be ashamed of your--The change of persons, in passing from indirect to direct address, is frequent in the prophets. Equivalent to, "Ye shall be put to the shame of disappointment at the smallness of your produce."
Jeremías 12:14-17
14-17. Prophecy as to the surrounding nations, the Syrians, Ammonites, &c., who helped forward Judah's calamity: they shall share her fall; and, on their conversion, they shall share with her in the future restoration. This is a brief anticipation of the predictions in the forty-seventh, forty-eighth, and forty-ninth chapters.
touch--(Zec 2:8).
pluck them out ... pluck out ... Judah--(Compare end of Jr 12:16). During the thirteen years that the Babylonians besieged Tyre, Nebuchadnezzar, after subduing Coelo-Syria, brought Ammon, Moab, &c., and finally Egypt, into subjection [Josephus, Antiquities, 10:9.7]. On the restoration of these nations, they were to exchange places with the Jews. The latter were now in the midst of them, but on their restoration they were to be "in the midst of the Jews," that is, as proselytes to the true God (compare Mi 5:7; Zec 14:16). "Pluck them," namely, the Gentile nations: in a bad sense. "Pluck Judah": in a good sense; used to express the force which was needed to snatch Judah from the tyranny of those nations by whom they had been made captives, or to whom they had fled; otherwise they never would have let Judah go. Previously he had been forbidden to pray for the mass of the Jewish people. But here he speaks consolation to the elect remnant among them. Whatever the Jews might be, God keeps His covenant.
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