Jeremías 38

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1 Sefatías, hijo de Matán; Gedalías, hijo de Pasur; Jucal, hijo de Selemías, y Pasur, hijo de Malquías, oyeron que Jeremías había dicho a todo el pueblo: 2 Estas son las palabras del Señor: El que se quede en esta ciudad morirá por la espada, el hambre o la enfermedad. Pero el que salga a los caldeos salvará su vida del poder de los atacantes y estará a salvo. 3 Esto ha dicho el Señor: Esta ciudad será entregada sin falta al ejército del rey de Babilonia y él la tomará. 4 Los gobernantes dijeron al rey: «Que maten a este hombre. Con esas palabras llena de miedo a los guerreros que quedan en la ciudad y al pueblo. Este hombre busca el daño del pueblo en vez de su bienestar». 5 El rey Sedequías dijo: «Está en sus manos». El rey no podía hacer nada contra ellos. 6 Tomaron a Jeremías y lo metieron en la cisterna de Malquías, hijo del rey, en el lugar de la guardia. Bajaron a Jeremías con cuerdas. En la cisterna no había agua, sino lodo, y Jeremías se hundió en el lodo. 7 Ebed-melec, el etíope, un eunuco que servía en el palacio del rey, se enteró de que habían metido a Jeremías en la cisterna. En ese momento el rey estaba sentado en la puerta de Benjamín. 8 Ebed-melec salió del palacio y dijo al rey: 9 «Mi señor el rey, estos hombres han hecho mal en todo lo que le hicieron al profeta Jeremías. Lo han metido en la cisterna y allí morirá de hambre, porque ya no hay pan en la ciudad». 10 El rey ordenó a Ebed-melec, el etíope: «Toma de aquí a tres hombres y saca a Jeremías de la cisterna antes de que muera». 11 Ebed-melec llevó a los hombres al palacio del rey, al lugar donde se guardaba la ropa. Tomó ropa vieja y trapos, y los bajó con cuerdas a la cisterna donde estaba Jeremías. 12 Ebed-melec, el etíope, dijo a Jeremías: «Pon estos trapos debajo de tus brazos, bajo las cuerdas». Jeremías lo hizo. 13 Tiraron de las cuerdas y sacaron a Jeremías de la cisterna. Jeremías quedó en el lugar de la guardia. 14 El rey Sedequías llamó al profeta Jeremías y lo llevó a la entrada de los gobernantes en el templo del Señor. Le dijo: «Tengo una pregunta que hacerte. No me ocultes nada». 15 Jeremías respondió a Sedequías: «Si te respondo, ¿no me matarás sin falta? Y si te doy un consejo, no lo escucharás». 16 El rey Sedequías juró en secreto a Jeremías: «Por el Señor vivo, que nos dio la vida, no te mataré ni te entregaré a estos hombres que quieren quitarte la vida». 17 Jeremías dijo a Sedequías: «Estas son las palabras del Señor, el Dios de los ejércitos, el Dios de Israel: Si sales a los capitanes del rey de Babilonia, vivirás y esta ciudad no será quemada. Tú y tu familia se librarán de la muerte. 18 Pero si no sales a los capitanes del rey de Babilonia, esta ciudad será entregada a los caldeos. Ellos la incendiarán y tú no escaparás de sus manos». 19 El rey Sedequías dijo a Jeremías: «Me preocupan los judíos que se han pasado a los caldeos. Temo que me entreguen a ellos y que ellos me humillen». 20 Jeremías respondió: «No te entregarán. Obedece la palabra del Señor que te he dado. Te irá bien y salvarás tu vida. 21 Pero si no sales, esto es lo que el Señor me ha mostrado: 22 Todas las mujeres que quedan en el palacio del rey de Judá serán llevadas a los capitanes del rey de Babilonia y dirán: “Tus amigos más cercanos te engañaron y te vencieron. Hundieron tus pies en el lodo y después te dieron la espalda”. 23 Llevarán a todas tus esposas y a tus hijos a los caldeos. No escaparás de sus manos; serás capturado por el rey de Babilonia, y esta ciudad será quemada». 24 Sedequías dijo a Jeremías: «Que nadie sepa estas palabras y no morirás. 25 Si los gobernantes se enteran de que he hablado contigo y vienen a decirte: “Dinos lo que dijiste al rey y lo que él te dijo. No nos ocultes nada y no te mataremos”, 26 debes responderles: “Le pedí al rey que no me enviara de nuevo a la casa de Jonatán para morir allí”». 27 Todos los gobernantes vinieron a interrogar a Jeremías. Él les respondió lo que el rey le había ordenado decir. Entonces no le dijeron nada más, porque el asunto no se había hecho público. 28 Jeremías quedó en el lugar de la guardia hasta el día en que Jerusalén fue tomada.

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Jeremías 38:1-2

Introduction

The princes of Judah, taking offense at Jeremiah on account of his predicting the destruction of Jerusalem and the temple by the Chaldeans, cause him to be cast into a deep and miry dungeon, Jer 38:1-6. Ebed-melech, an Ethiopian, gets the king's permission to take him out, Jer 38:7-13. Jeremiah advises the king, who consulted him privately, to surrender to the Chaldeans, Jer 38:14-23. The king promises the prophet that he will not put him to death, and requires him not to reveal what had passed to the princes; to whom he accordingly gives an evasive answer, telling them only so much of the conference as related to his request for his life, Jer 38:24-28.

Verse 1

Then Shephatiah - This was the faction - what Dahler terms the Antitheocratic faction - who were enemies to Jeremiah, and sought his life.

Jeremías 38:3

Verse 3

This city shall surely be given - This was a testimony that be constantly bore: he had the authority of God for it. He knew it was true, and he never wavered nor equivocated.

Jeremías 38:4

Verse 4

Let this man be put to death - And they gave their reasons plain enough: but the proof was wanting.

Jeremías 38:5

Verse 5

He is in your hand - Ye have power to do as you please; I must act by your counsel. Poor weak prince! you respect the prophet, you fear the cabal, and you sacrifice an innocent man to your own weakness and their malice!

Jeremías 38:6

Verse 6

So Jeremiah sunk in the mire - Their obvious design was, that he might be stifled in that place.

Jeremías 38:7-8

Verse 7

Ebed-melech - The servant of the king one of the eunuchs who belonged to the palace. Perhaps it should be read, "Now, a servant of the king, a Cushite, one of the eunuchs," etc.

The king then sitting in the gate of Benjamin - To give audience, and to administer justice. We have often seen that the gates of cities were the places of public judicature.

Jeremías 38:9

Verse 9

My lord the king, these men have done evil - He must have been much in the king's confidence, and a humane and noble spirited man, thus to have raised his voice against the powerful cabal already mentioned.

There is no more bread in the city - They had defended it to the last extremity; and it appears that bread had been afforded to the prophet according to the king's commandment, as long as there was any remaining. See Jer 36:21.

Jeremías 38:10

Verse 10

Take from hence thirty men - The king was determined that he should be rescued by force, if the princes opposed.

Jeremías 38:11-13

Verse 11

Went into the house of the king - and took thence - The eastern kings had their wardrobes always well furnished; as garments were a usual present to ambassadors, etc. I cannot think that, in the proper acceptation of the words, these were in any part of the king's house.

Old cast clouts, and old rotten rags - The fact seems to be this: there were several garments that had been used, and would not be used again; and there were others which, through continuing long there, had by insects, etc., been rendered useless. These he took, tied to the cord, let down to the prophet, that he might roll them round the ropes, and place them under his arm-pits, so that in being hauled up he might not suffer injury from the ropes, which in this case must sustain the whole weight of his body.

Jeremías 38:14-15

Verse 14

Into the third entry - A place to enter which two others must be passed through.

Jeremías 38:16

Verse 16

As the Lord liveth, that made us this soul - He is the living God, and he is the Author of that life which each of us possesses; and as sure as he lives, and we live by him, I will not put thee to death, nor give thee into the hands of those men who seek thy life. A very solemn oath; and the first instance on record of the profane custom of swearing by the soul.

Jeremías 38:17-18

Verse 17

Wilt assuredly go - On the king's obedience to the advice of the prophet the safety of the city depended.

Unto the king of Babylon's princes - The generals of the army then returning to the siege from the defeat of the Egyptians; for Nebuchadnezzar himself was then at Riblah, in Syria, Jer 39:5, Jer 39:6.

Jeremías 38:19-21

Verse 19

They mock me - Insult me, and exhibit me in triumph.

Jeremías 38:22

Verse 22

All the women - brought forth - I think this place speaks of a kind of defection among the women of the harem; many of whom had already gone forth privately to the principal officers of the Chaldean army, and made the report mentioned in the end of this verse. These were the concubines or women of the second rank.

Jeremías 38:23-25

Verse 23

They shall bring out all thy wives and thy children - These were the women of the first rank, by whom the king had children. These had no temptation to go out to the Chaldeans, nor would they have been made welcome; but the others being young, and without children, would be well received by the Chaldean princes.

Jeremías 38:26

Verse 26

I presented my supplication - This was telling the truth, and nothing but the truth, but not the whole truth. The king did not wish him to defile his conscience, nor did he propose any thing that was not consistent with the truth.

Jeremías 38:27-28

Verse 27

The matter was not perceived - They did not question him farther; and the king's commandment to remove him from the house of Jonathan being well known, they took for granted that they had all the information that they sought. And he was most certainly not obliged to relate any thing that might embroil this weak king with his factious but powerful princes, or affect his own life. He related simply what was necessary, and no more.

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