2 Reis 25

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1 E aconteceu aos nove anos de seu reinado, no mês décimo, aos dez do mês, que Nabucodonosor rei da Babilônia veio com todo seu exército contra Jerusalém, e cercou-a; e levantaram contra ela rampas de cerco ao redor. 2 E esteve a cidade cercado até o décimo primeiro ano do rei Zedequias. 3 Aos nove do mês prevaleceu a fome na cidade, que não houve pão para o povo da terra. 4 Aberta já a cidade, fugiram de noite todos os homens de guerra pelo caminho da porta que estava entre os dois muros, junto aos jardins do rei, estando os caldeus ao redor da cidade; e o rei se foi caminho da campina. 5 E o exército dos caldeus seguiu o rei, e tomou-o nas planícies de Jericó, e todo o seu exército se dispersou dele. 6 Tomado, pois, o rei, trouxeram-no ao rei da Babilônia a Ribla, e proferiram contra ele sentença. 7 E degolaram aos filhos de Zedequias em sua presença; e a Zedequias tiraram os olhos, e acorrentado com correntes levaram-no à Babilônia. 8 No mês quinto, aos sete do mês, sendo o ano dezenove de Nabucodonosor rei da Babilônia, veio a Jerusalém Nebuzaradã, capitão dos da guarda, servo do rei da Babilônia. 9 E queimou a casa do SENHOR, e a casa do rei, e todas as casas de Jerusalém; e todas as casas dos príncipes queimou a fogo. 10 E todo o exército dos caldeus que estava com o capitão da guarda, derrubou os muros de Jerusalém ao redor. 11 E aos do povo que haviam restado na cidade, e aos que se haviam juntado ao rei da Babilônia, e aos que haviam restado da população, transportou-o Nebuzaradã, capitão dos da guarda. 12 Mas dos pobres da terra deixou Nebuzaradã, capitão dos da guarda, para que lavrassem as vinhas e as terras. 13 E quebraram os caldeus as colunas de bronze que estavam na casa do SENHOR, e as bases, e o mar de bronze que estava na casa do SENHOR, e levaram o bronze disso à Babilônia. 14 Levaram-se também as caldeiras, e as pás, e as tenazes, e as colheres, e todos os vasos de bronze com que ministravam. 15 Incensários, bacias, os que de ouro, em ouro, e os que de prata, em prata, tudo o levou o capitão dos da guarda; 16 As duas colunas, um mar, e as bases que Salomão havia feito para a casa do SENHOR: não havia peso de todos estes vasos. 17 A altura da uma coluna era dezoito côvados e tinha encima um capitel de bronze, e a altura do capitel era de três côvados; e sobre o capitel havia um enredado e romãs ao redor, todo de bronze: e semelhante obra havia na outra coluna com o enredado. 18 Tomou então o capitão dos da guarda a Seraías o sacerdote principal, e a Sofonias o segundo sacerdote, e três guardas da porta; 19 E da cidade tomou um eunuco, o qual comandava os soldados, e cinco homens dos assistentes do rei, que se acharam na cidade; e ao principal escriba do exército, que fazia o registro da gente daquela terra; e sessenta homens do povo da terra, 20 Nebuzaradã, capitão da guarda, tomou-os e os levou a Ribla, ao rei da Babilônia. 21 E o rei da Babilônia os feriu e matou em Ribla, em terra de Hamate. Assim foi transportado Judá de sobre sua terra. 22 E ao povo que Nabucodonosor rei da Babilônia deixou em terra de Judá, pôs por governador a Gedalias, filho de Aicã filho de Safã. 23 E ouvindo todos os príncipes do exército, eles e sua gente, que o rei da Babilônia havia posto por governador a Gedalias, vieram-se a ele em Mispá, a saber, Ismael filho de Netanias, e Joanã filho de Careá, e Seraías filho de Tanumete netofatita, e Jazanias filho do maacatita, eles com os seus subordinados. 24 Então Gedalias lhes fez juramento, a eles e aos seus subordinados, e disse-lhes: Não temais de ser servos dos caldeus; habitai na terra, e servi ao rei da Babilônia, e vos irá bem. 25 Mas no mês sétimo veio Ismael filho de Netanias, filho de Elisama, da família real, e com ele dez homens, e feriram a Gedalias, e morreu, assim como os judeus e os caldeus que estavam com ele em Mispá. 26 E levantando-se todo o povo, desde o menor até o maior, com os capitães do exército, foram-se ao Egito por temor dos caldeus. 27 E aconteceu aos trinta e sete anos do cativeiro de Joaquim rei de Judá, no décimo segundo mês, aos vinte e sete do mês, que Evil-Merodaque rei da Babilônia, no primeiro ano de seu reinado, concedeu favor a Joaquim rei de Judá, tirando-o da prisão. 28 E falou-lhe bem, e pôs seu assento em posição de maior honra do que o assento dos reis que estavam com ele na Babilônia. 29 E mudou-lhe as roupas de sua prisão, e comeu sempre diante dele todos os dias de sua vida. 30 E foi-lhe continuamente dada a sua subsistência diária da parte do rei, por todos os dias de sua vida.

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2 Reis 25:1

2Ki 25:1-3. Jerusalem Again Besieged.

1. Nebuchadnezzar ... came ... against Jerusalem--Incensed by the revolt of Zedekiah, the Assyrian despot determined to put an end to the perfidious and inconstant monarchy of Judea. This chapter narrates his third and last invasion, which he conducted in person at the head of an immense army, levied out of all the tributary nations under his sway. Having overrun the northern parts of the country and taken almost all the fenced cities (Jr 34:7), he marched direct to Jerusalem to invest it. The date of the beginning as well as the end of the siege is here carefully marked (compare Eze 24:1; Jr 39:1; 52:4-6); from which it appears, that, with a brief interruption caused by Nebuchadnezzar's marching to oppose the Egyptians who were coming to its relief but who retreated without fighting, the siege lasted a year and a half. So long a resistance was owing, not to the superior skill and valor of the Jewish soldiers, but to the strength of the city fortifications, on which the king too confidently relied (compare Jr 21:1-14; 37:1-38:28).

pitched against it, and ... built forts--rather, perhaps, drew lines of circumvallation, with a ditch to prevent any going out of the city. On this rampart were erected his military engines for throwing missiles into the city.

2 Reis 25:3

3. on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed--In consequence of the close and protracted blockade, the inhabitants were reduced to dreadful extremities; and under the maddening influence of hunger, the most inhuman atrocities were perpetrated (La 2:20, 22; 4:9, 10; Eze 5:10). This was a fulfilment of the prophetic denunciations threatened on the apostasy of the chosen people (Le 26:29; De 28:53-57; Jr 15:2; 27:13; Eze 4:16).

2Ki 25:4-30. Zedekiah Taken.

2 Reis 25:4

4. the city was broken up--that is, a breach was effected, as we are elsewhere informed, in a part of the wall belonging to the lower city (2Ch 32:5; 33:14).

the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between two walls, which is by the king's garden--The king's garden was (Ne 3:15) at the pool of Siloam, that is, at the mouth of the Tyropæon. A trace of the outermost of these walls appears to be still extant in the rude pathway which crosses the mouth of the Tyropæon, on a mound hard by the old mulberry tree, which marks the traditional spot of Isaiah's martyrdom [Robinson]. It is probable that the besiegers had overlooked this pass.

the king went ... toward the plain--that is, the Ghor, or valley of Jordan, estimated at five hours' distance from Jerusalem. The plain near Jericho is about eleven or twelve miles broad.

2 Reis 25:6-7

6-7. they took the king, and brought him ... to Riblah--Nebuchadnezzar, having gone from the siege to oppose the auxiliary forces of Pharaoh-hophra, left his generals to carry on the blockade, he himself not returning to the scene of action, but taking up his station at Riblah in the land of Hamath (2Ki 23:33).

they gave judgment upon him--They, that is, the council (Jr 39:3, 13; Da 6:7, 8, 12), regarding him as a seditious and rebellious vassal, condemned him for violating his oath and neglecting the announcement of the divine will as made known to him by Jeremiah (compare Jr 32:5; 34:2; 38:17). His sons and the nobles who had joined in his flight were slain before his eyes (Jr 39:6; 52:10). In conformity with Eastern ideas, which consider a blind man incapable of ruling, his eyes were put out, and being put in chains, he was carried to perpetual imprisonment in Babylon (Jr 52:11), which, though he came to it, as Ezekiel had foretold, he did not see (Jr 32:5; Eze 12:13; 17:16).

2 Reis 25:8-18

8-18. on the seventh day of the month ... came Nebuzar-adan--(compare Jr 52:12). In attempting to reconcile these two passages, it must be supposed either that, though he had set out on the seventh, he did not arrive in Jerusalem till the tenth, or that he did not put his orders in execution till that day. His office as captain of the guard (Ge 37:36; 39:1) called him to execute the awards of justice on criminals; and hence, although not engaged in the siege of Jerusalem (Jr 39:13), Nebuzar-adan was despatched to rase the city, to plunder the temple, to lay both in ruins, demolish the fortifications, and transport the inhabitants to Babylon. The most eminent of these were taken to the king at Riblah (2Ki 25:27) and executed, as instigators and abettors of the rebellion, or otherwise obnoxious to the Assyrian government. In their number were Seraiah, the high priest, grandfather of Ezra (Ezr 7:1), his sagan or deputy, a priest of the second order (Jr 21:2; 29:25, 29; 37:3).

2 Reis 25:19

19. five men of them that were in the king's presence--that is, who belonged to the royal retinue. It is probable that there were five at first, and that other two were found afterwards (Jr 52:25).

2 Reis 25:22-26

22-26. Nebuchadnezzar ... made Gedaliah ... ruler--The people permitted to remain were, besides the king's daughters, a few court attendants and others (Jr 40:7) too insignificant to be removed, only the peasantry who could till the land and dress the vineyards. Gedaliah was Jeremiah's friend (Jr 26:24), and having, by the prophet's counsel, probably fled from the city as abandoned of God, he surrendered himself to the conqueror (Jr 38:2, 17), and being promoted to the government of Judea, fixed his provincial court at Mizpeh. He was well qualified to surmount the difficulties of ruling at such a crisis. Many of the fugitive Jews, as well as the soldiers of Zedekiah who had accompanied the king in his flight to the plains of Jericho, left their retreats (Jr 40:11, 12) and flocked around the governor; who having counselled them to submit, promised them on complying with this condition, security on oath that they would retain their possessions and enjoy the produce of their land (Jr 40:9).

2 Reis 25:27

27. seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin--corresponding with the year of Nebuchadnezzar's death, and his son Evil-merodach's ascension to the throne.

Evil-merodach ... did lift up the head of Jehoiachin ... and spake kindly--gave him liberty upon parole. This kindly feeling is said to have originated in a familiar acquaintance formed in prison, in which Evil-merodach had lain till his father's death, on account of some malversation while acting as regent during Nebuchadnezzar's seven years' illness (Da 4:32, 33). But doubtless the improvement in Zedekiah's condition is to be traced to the overruling providence and grace of Him who still cherished purposes of love to the house of David (2Sa 7:14, 15).

2 Reis 25:29

29. Jehoiachin ... did eat ... continually before him--According to an ancient usage in Eastern courts, had a seat at the royal table on great days, and had a stated provision granted him for the maintenance of his exiled court.

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